After treatment, spleen cells were aseptically removed and cells were
stimulated with concanavalin A. Supernatants of cell cultures were used this website for cytokine determination by ELISA. The chemical composition of the extract was also carried out, revealing that eugenol(4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) was the major component in our sample. Although the anti-inflammatory action of clove has been mentioned, our data showed that clove administration to mice did not influence the Th1/Th2 cytokine balance. Further studies dealing with cytokine expression and production will provide a better understanding of clove’s immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory actions, using different extract concentrations and different intake periods.”
“Increasingly in recent years, thyroid hormones (THs) have been considered to be important regulators of the immune system. However, their roles in host defense against viral infections are not clearly established. Therefore, this study was undertaken to examine proliferative activity and cytokine production
by lymphocytes isolated from hyperthyroid and euthyroid Balb/c mice in response to herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1). Lymphocytes of hyperthyroid animals showed a significantly higher rate of proliferation and interferon (IFN)-gamma production when compared with click here that by lymphocytes from euthyroid mice. In vitro thyroxine (T4) treatment was similarly effective in the potentiation of proliferation, but not IFN gamma production, by euthyroid lymphocytes. Furthermore, the hyperthyroid state significantly attenuated YM155 inhibitor ConA-, but not HSV-1-, induced interleukin (IL)-10 release; in vitro T4 treatment synergized this effect. These findings suggest that supra-physiologic TH levels (i.e. as occur in hyper-thyroid states) or in vitro TH treatment modulate T-helper (T-H)1/T(H)2 lymphocyte responses and thereby amplifies host defenses against viral infections. One may also conclude that THs may have a potential application in viral immunization and/or treatment of viral infections.”
“Objective:
Fistula of the palate is a common complication of palatoplasty, it leads to nasal regurgitation of fluids and hypernasality of speech. Its treatment is technically difficult due to paucity and fibrosis of palatal tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of closure of soft palate fistula by using Furlow double opposing Z-palatoplasty.
Methods: Nineteen patients were subjected for repair of their soft palate fistulas using Furlow Z-plasty. Pre and postoperative speech analysis using auditory perceptual assessment, measurement of nasalance score using nasometric assessment, and measurement of velar movement using flexible nasopharyngoscopy were done.
Results: All cases showed complete closure of their fistulas at first attempt, with no operative or postoperative complications. Recurrence was not recorded in any case after a follow up period of at least 12 months.