Our designed FSR's equivalent circuit is modeled to illustrate the introduction of parallel resonance. Further investigation into the surface current, electric energy, and magnetic energy of the FSR is undertaken to clarify its operational mechanism. The simulation, under normal incidence, demonstrates an S11 -3 dB passband of 962 GHz to 1172 GHz, accompanied by a lower absorptive bandwidth from 502 GHz to 880 GHz, and an upper absorptive bandwidth ranging from 1294 GHz to 1489 GHz. Meanwhile, our proposed FSR exhibits dual-polarization and angular stability characteristics. A 0.0097-liter-thick sample is fabricated to validate the simulated results, and the experimental findings are subsequently compared.

This investigation centered on the plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition method for constructing a ferroelectric layer on a ferroelectric device. 50 nm thick TiN films were used as both the top and bottom electrodes for a capacitor of the metal-ferroelectric-metal type, fabricated with an Hf05Zr05O2 (HZO) ferroelectric material. β-Nicotinamide datasheet Three principles were followed in the manufacturing of HZO ferroelectric devices, aiming to enhance their ferroelectric characteristics. The ferroelectric HZO nanolaminate layers were subjected to variations in their thickness. Heat treatments at 450, 550, and 650 degrees Celsius were carried out, as a second experimental step, to systematically study the correlation between the heat-treatment temperature and variations in ferroelectric characteristics. β-Nicotinamide datasheet In the end, ferroelectric thin film development was completed, with or without the aid of seed layers. The analysis of electrical characteristics, comprising I-E characteristics, P-E hysteresis, and fatigue resistance, was achieved with the aid of a semiconductor parameter analyzer. Analysis of the nanolaminates' ferroelectric thin film crystallinity, component ratio, and thickness was conducted using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The heat-treated (2020)*3 device at 550°C exhibited a residual polarization of 2394 C/cm2, contrasting with the D(2020)*3 device's 2818 C/cm2, a significant enhancement of characteristics. In the fatigue endurance test, specimens having bottom and dual seed layers displayed a wake-up effect, resulting in superior durability after 108 cycles.

The flexural properties of steel fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (SFRCCs) embedded within steel tubes are investigated in this study in relation to the use of fly ash and recycled sand. The compressive test's outcome indicated a reduction in elastic modulus from the inclusion of micro steel fiber, and the incorporation of fly ash and recycled sand resulted in a decrease in elastic modulus and a rise in Poisson's ratio. The bending and direct tensile tests revealed a notable improvement in strength due to the incorporation of micro steel fibers, culminating in a smooth downturn of the curve post-initial cracking. From the flexural test on the FRCC-filled steel tube specimens, similar peak loads were observed, affirming the substantial validity of the AISC equation. The steel tube, filled with SFRCCs, displayed a slight boost in its ability to deform. A concomitant decrease in the elastic modulus and augmentation in the Poisson's ratio of the FRCC material produced a more pronounced denting depth in the test specimen. Due to the low elastic modulus, the cementitious composite material is believed to experience a considerable deformation when subjected to localized pressure. The deformation capacities of FRCC-filled steel tubes provided compelling evidence of the significant role indentation plays in improving the energy dissipation capacity of SFRCC-filled steel tubes. The steel tube filled with SFRCC incorporating recycled materials exhibited a controlled distribution of damage from the load point to both ends, as evidenced by strain value comparisons, thereby mitigating rapid changes in curvature at the tube ends.

Many studies have explored the mechanical properties of glass powder concrete, a concrete type extensively utilizing glass powder as a supplementary cementitious material. Nevertheless, investigations into the hydration kinetics of glass powder and cement in a binary system are scarce. The current paper's goal is to develop a theoretical framework of the binary hydraulic kinetics model for glass powder-cement mixtures, based on the pozzolanic reaction mechanism of glass powder, in order to analyze how glass powder affects cement hydration. A finite element method (FEM) approach was applied to simulate the hydration process of cementitious materials formulated with varying glass powder contents (e.g., 0%, 20%, 50%). The experimental data on hydration heat, as reported in the literature, aligns well with the numerical simulation results, thereby validating the proposed model's reliability. The results indicate that the glass powder acts to dilute and speed up the process of cement hydration. Compared to the 5% glass powder sample, a substantial 423% decrease in hydration degree was observed in the sample containing 50% glass powder. Importantly, the responsiveness of the glass powder experiences an exponential decline when the glass particle size increases. Importantly, the reactivity of the glass powder remains steady when its particle dimensions are greater than 90 micrometers. With a growing proportion of glass powder being replaced, the reactivity of the glass powder experiences a decline. Exceeding 45% glass powder replacement results in a peak in CH concentration during the early stages of the reaction. The investigation in this document elucidates the hydration mechanism of glass powder, offering a theoretical framework for its use in concrete.

An analysis of the parameters governing the improved pressure mechanism in a roller technological machine for extracting moisture from wet materials is presented here. A study investigated the factors impacting the pressure mechanism's parameters, which determine the necessary force between a technological machine's working rolls while processing moisture-laden fibrous materials, like wet leather. The processed material is drawn vertically between the working rolls, their pressure doing the work. This investigation sought to ascertain the parameters that dictate the creation of the required working roll pressure in response to alterations in the thickness of the material being processed. A system using pressure-applied working rolls, which are attached to levers, is put forward. β-Nicotinamide datasheet The device's design principle ensures the levers' length remains fixed despite slider movement when the levers are turned, consequently providing a horizontal slider direction. Depending on the alteration in nip angle, friction coefficient, and other contributing elements, the pressure force of the working rolls is calculated. Following theoretical investigations into the feeding of semi-finished leather products through squeezing rolls, graphs were generated and conclusions were formulated. The creation and fabrication of an experimental roller stand, intended to press multiple layers of leather semi-finished goods, is now complete. An investigation into the factors impacting the technological process of removing excess moisture from wet semi-finished leather products, complete with their layered packaging and moisture-absorbing materials, was undertaken via an experiment. This experiment involved the vertical placement of these materials on a base plate positioned between rotating squeezing shafts similarly lined with moisture-absorbing materials. The experimental findings identified the optimal process parameters. A two-fold increase in the processing rate is recommended for removing moisture from two damp leather semi-finished products, coupled with a 50% reduction in the pressing force exerted by the working shafts, compared to the existing analog. The optimal parameters for the moisture extraction process from double-layered, wet leather semi-finished products, as determined by the study, are a feed rate of 0.34 meters per second and a pressing force of 32 kilonewtons per meter on the squeezing rollers. The proposed roller device's application led to a productivity increase of two or more times in the process of handling wet leather semi-finished goods, when contrasted with existing roller wringer technology.

Rapid deposition of Al₂O₃ and MgO composite (Al₂O₃/MgO) films, at low temperatures, was accomplished using filtered cathode vacuum arc (FCVA) technology, with the aim of obtaining excellent barrier characteristics for encapsulating flexible organic light-emitting diode (OLED) thin films. Concomitant with the decreasing thickness of the MgO layer, the degree of crystallinity gradually diminishes. A 32 Al2O3MgO layer alternation structure demonstrates the most effective water vapor barrier, achieving a water vapor transmittance (WVTR) of 326 x 10-4 gm-2day-1 at 85°C and 85% relative humidity. This performance represents a reduction of roughly one-third compared to a single layer of Al2O3 film. A buildup of ion deposition layers in the film causes inherent internal defects, ultimately reducing the film's shielding effectiveness. The composite film's surface roughness is exceptionally low, measuring approximately 0.03 to 0.05 nanometers, contingent on its structural configuration. Subsequently, the composite film is less transparent to visible light than a single film, and this transmission increases as the layers multiply.

Optimizing thermal conductivity is a key area of research in the application of woven composite advantages. Employing an inverse technique, this paper addresses the thermal conductivity design of woven composite materials. Taking into account the multi-scale characteristics of woven composites, a multi-scale inversion model for fiber thermal conductivity is developed, featuring a macroscopic composite model, a mesoscale fiber yarn model, and a microscale fiber-matrix model. Utilizing the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and locally exact homogenization theory (LEHT) aims to enhance computational efficiency. The LEHT analytical method proves efficient in evaluating heat conduction.