selleck chemicals llc CrossRef 20. Bai YX, Li YF, Yang Y, Yi LX: Covalent immobilization of triacylglycerol lipase onto functionalized novel mesoporous silica supports. J Biotechnol 2006, 125:574–582.CrossRef 21. Macario A, Moliner M, Corma A, Giordano G: Increasing

stability and productivity of lipase enzyme by encapsulation in a porous organic–inorganic system. Micropor Mesopor Mat 2009, 118:334–340.CrossRef 22. Mondal K, Mehta P, Mehta BR, Varandani D, Gupta MN: A bioconjugate of Pseudomonas cepacia lipase with alginate with enhanced catalytic efficiency. Biochim Biophys Acta 2006, 1764:1080–1086.CrossRef selleck kinase inhibitor 23. Lee DG, Ponvel KM, Kim M, Hwang S, Ahn IS, Lee CH: Immobilization of lipase on hydrophobic nano-sized magnetite particles. J Mol Catal B-Enzem 2009, 57:62–66.CrossRef 24. Temoçin Z, Yiğitoğlu M: Studies on the Selleck SN-38 activity and stability of immobilized horseradish peroxidase on poly(ethylene terephthalate) grafted acrylamide fiber. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2009, 32:467–474.CrossRef 25. Seelan S, Sinha AK, Kato K, Yokogawa Y: Enhanced aldol reaction

using an aldolase I antibody immobilized in 3D mesoporous silica foam. Adv Mater 2006, 18:3001–3004.CrossRef 26. Zheng L, Zhang S, Zhao L, Zhu G, Yang X, Gao G, Cao S: Resolution of N -(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl) alanine via free and immobilized lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia . J Mol Catal B 2006, 38:119–125.CrossRef Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors’ contributions XD and XL designed the experiments and carried out the characterization. YL and CW participated in the NPG and lipase-NPG biocomposite fabrication. XW and PX made substantial contributions to the conception and design of this paper. XW

and XD wrote the paper. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.”
“Background Owing to their ultra-small size, good biocompatibility and intriguing physicochemical properties, noble metal clusters show significant promise in biolabeling/bioimaging, sensing, catalysis, and optoelectronic nanodevices [1–7]. In general, there are two pathways to synthesize these fascinating materials: chemical and biological methods. The chemical method GPX6 mainly includes (1) monolayer-protected method [8], (2) ligand etching method [9], (3) protection-deprotection method [10], and (4) template-assisted method [11]. Although atomically precise clusters with different species have been successfully obtained by these methods, from the ‘12 principles of developing green chemistry,’ there are still many problems to be resolved, such as the elaborate preparation procedure, the heavy use of organic solutes and/or surfactants and/or hazardous regents, and the high reaction temperature and long reaction times [12]. Compared with the chemical method, the biological method particularly refers to the template method, which is inspired by biomineralization behavior of organisms in nature.