(PDF 980 KB) Additional file 2: Autolysis and opsonization of E. faecalis 12030Δ bgsB. A Spontaneous bacterial autolysis. Cells were grown to mid-log phase, resuspended in 10 mM sodium phosphate buffer containing 5% Triton X-100 and the decrease of the OD 600 at 30°C was Selleckchem Vadimezan recorded over time.

B Bacterial killing in vitro after 90 min in the presence of 6.5% rabbit complement (white bar), 2 × 107 human PMN plus complement (gray bar) and rabbit antiserum raised against whole bacterial cells (serum dilution 1:2500) plus PMN and complement (black bar). Bars represent means ± SEM. (PDF 128 KB) Additional file 3: Characterization of E. faecalis Δ bgsB cell walls. A Thin-layer chromatography of cell membrane total lipid Caspase Inhibitor VI molecular weight extracts of E. faecalis 12030 wild type (lane 1 and 4), 12030ΔbgsB (lane 2 and 5), 12030ΔbgsA

(lane 3 and 6). TLC plates were developed using a solvent system of CHCl3/MeOH/H20 (65:25:4, v/v/v). Staining lane 1 – 3 molybdenum blue, lane 4 – 6 ninhydrin. B SDS PAGE of bacterial whole protein extracts. The material was extracted by disrupting the cells with glass-beads, boiling in Laemmli buffer, separated by 4-12% Bis-Tris gels and stained with Coomassie blue. (PDF 2 MB) Additional file 4: Minimal bactericial concentration of E. faecalis strains against antimicrobial peptides. Concentrations are expressed as μg/ml. (PDF 53 KB) References 1. Weidenmaier C, Peschel selleck chemicals llc A: Teichoic acids and related cell-wall glycopolymers Amino acid in Gram-positive physiology and host interactions. Nat Rev Microbiol 2008,6(4):276–287.PubMedCrossRef

2. Theilacker C, Kaczynski Z, Kropec A, Sava I, Ye L, Bychowska A, Holst O, Huebner J: Serodiversity of Opsonic Antibodies against Enterococcus faecalis -Glycans of the Cell Wall Revisited. PLoS ONE 2011,6(3):e17839.PubMedCrossRef 3. Teng F, Singh KV, Bourgogne A, Zeng J, Murray BE: Further characterization of the epa gene cluster and Epa polysaccharides of Enterococcus faecalis. Infect Immun 2009,77(9):3759–3767.PubMedCrossRef 4. Theilacker C, Kaczynski Z, Kropec A, Fabretti F, Sange T, Holst O, Huebner J: Opsonic antibodies to Enterococcus faecalis strain 12030 are directed against lipoteichoic acid. Infect Immun 2006,74(10):5703–5712.PubMedCrossRef 5. Theilacker C, Sanchez-Carballo P, Toma I, Fabretti F, Sava I, Kropec A, Holst O, Huebner J: Glycolipids are involved in biofilm accumulation and prolonged bacteraemia in Enterococcus faecalis. Mol Microbiol 2009,71(4):1055–1069.PubMedCrossRef 6. Wikström M, Xie J, Bogdanov M, Mileykovskaya E, Heacock P, Wieslander A, Dowhan W: Monoglucosyldiacylglycerol, a foreign lipid, can substitute for phosphatidylethanolamine in essential membrane-associated functions in Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem 2004,279(11):10484–10493.PubMedCrossRef 7. Edman M, Berg S, Storm P, Wikstrom M, Vikstrom S, Ohman A, Wieslander A: Structural features of glycosyltransferases synthesizing major bilayer and nonbilayer-prone membrane lipids in Acholeplasma laidlawii and Streptococcus pneumoniae.