The median dose of INCB28060 purchase carvedilol was 25 mg daily, whereas the median dose of metoprolol was 88 mg daily. As shown, compared with patients with sustained LVEF response, patients with post-response LVEF decline were on lower doses of carvedilol (25 vs. 37.5 %, p < 0.01) but not metoprolol. Regarding overall dose of BB (combined), there

LY2874455 was no difference between the different LVEF response groups (higher vs. lower dose). Most of the patients (95 %) were on an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB). Table 2 Differences in medications between patients with post-response LVEF decline and patients with sustained LVEF response Medications All NICM responders after 1 year P505-15 research buy of BB (N = 238) Post-response LVEF decline (n = 32) Sustained LVEF response (n = 206) p value Carvedilol 142 (60 %) 24

(75 %) 118 (57 %) 0.06  Median-dose carvedilol (mg) (range of dose) 25 (18.75–50) 25 (12.5–25) 37.5 (25–50) 0.020  Low-dose carvedilol (6.25 mg PO bid) (n, %) 35 (15 %) 9 (28 %) 26 (13 %) 0.021  Medium-dose carvedilol (12.5 mg PO bid) 49 (21 %) 11 (34 %) 38 (18 %) 0.038  High-dose carvedilol (25 mg PO bid) 58 (24 %) 4 (13 %) 54 (26 %) 0.093 Metoprolol 96 (40 %) 8 (25 %) 88 (43 %) 0.06  Median-dose metoprolol (mg) 87.5 (50–100) 75 (37.5–150) 87.5 (50–100) 0.811  Low-dose metoprolol (25 mg PO bid) 48 (20 %) 4 (13 %) 44 (21 %) 0.245  Medium-dose metoprolol (50 mg PO bid) 27 (11 %) 2 (6 %) 25 (12 %) 0.329  High-dose metoprolol (>75 mg PO bid) 21 (9 %) 2 (6 %) 19 (9 %) 0.581 Overall dose of BB (combined)  Low 83 (35 %) 13 (41 %) 70 (34 %) 0.463  Medium 76 (32 %) 13 (41 %) 63 (31 %) 0.257  High 79 (33 %) 6

(19 %) 73 (35 %) 0.062 ACEI or ARB 226 (95 %) 30 (94 %) 196 (95 %) 0.737 Hydralazine 40 (17 %) 2 (6 %) 38 (18 %) 0.086 Nitrates 32 (13 %) 0 (0 %) 32 (16 %) 0.017 Spironolactone 134 (56 %) 22 (69 %) Nintedanib (BIBF 1120) 112 (54 %) 0.127 Digoxin 120 (50 %) 14 (44 %) 106 (51 %) 0.417 Calcium channel blocker 42 (18 %) 4 (13 %) 38 (18 %) 0.412 p value (Chi-square for categorical variables and Mann–Whitney test for continuous variables) for comparison between groups (post-response LVEF decline vs. sustained LVEF response) ACEI Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, ARB angiotensin II receptor blockers, BB beta blocker, bid twice daily, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, NICM non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, PO oral 3.2 Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) Improvement After Beta Blockade Among 238 patients with NICM, 32 (13 %) had post-response LVEF decline and 206 (87 %) had sustained LVEF response. Overall, there was a significant improvement of LVEF from baseline after 1 year of BB (30–44 %, p < 0.001). Figure 1 shows change in LVEF after BB in patients with NICM within 4 years after the initial LVEF. There was no difference in the LVEF before initiation of BB in the two LVEF response groups (30 vs. 29 %, p = 0.098).