This correction reduced by about 50% the effect of blue light on g(m). However, the residual reduction of g(m) under blue light was real and significant, although it did not appear to limit the chloroplast CO(2) concentration and, consequently, photosynthesis. Reduction of g(m) might be caused

by chloroplast movement to avoid photodamage, in turn affecting the chloroplast surface exposed to intercellular spaces. However, g(m) reduction occurred immediately after exposure to learn more blue light and was complete after less than 3 min, whereas chloroplast relocation was expected to occur more slowly. In addition, fast g(m) reduction was also observed after inhibiting chloroplast movement by cytochalasin. It is therefore concluded that g(m) reduction under blue light is unlikely to be caused by chloroplast movement only, and must be elicited by other, as yet unknown, factors.”
“Cu-Zn ferrite (Cu(0.6)Zn(0.4)Fe(2)O(4)) thin films were deposited using rf-magnetron sputtering on glass substrates at room temperature in Selleckchem AZD6094 pure Ar gas environment. The influence of variation in Ar gas pressure between 5 and 15 mT on the crystal structure

and magnetization has been studied. The XRD patterns show single phase nanocrystalline spinel structure with cubic symmetry. The AFM images also confirm the nanocrystalline nature of the films. The magnetization increases with increase in Ar gas pressure. The change in the crystal structure and magnetization has been explained in view of freezing of some Cu-ions on tetrahedral A-sites and equivalent number of Fe ions on octahedral B-sites during the deposition process due to high deposition rate in pure Ar environment.

Furthermore, the deposition in reducing (argon) atmosphere may lead to the formation of Cu(+) ions that prefer occupation of the smaller four-coordinated A-site in the spinel structure and displace Fe(3+) cations to occupy the B-sites. The formation of Fe(2+) cannot be ruled out in the spinel structure where a fraction of Fe(3+) will be replaced by Fe(2+) ions. (C) 2010 American Institute Pexidartinib in vitro of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3357316]“
“BACKGROUND: We studied the hemodynamic effects of inducing an artificial pulse in a continuous-flow total artificial heart consisting of 2 axial-flow pumps in a mock circulatory system.

METHODS: We varied the amplitude (maximum minus minimum speed), beat rate and systolic duration of the left pump, right pump or both. Mean left and right pump speeds were maintained at 11 and 8 krpm, respectively. Flow rates and arterial and filling pressures were measured in the systemic and pulmonary portions of the mock circulation. Pulse pressure, pulse flow, pulsatility index and surplus hemodynamic energy (SHE) were calculated.