5 nm [6]. The optical bandgap energy of Adriamycin our Si ND system with the thickness of 4 nm and diameter of 10 nm has been calculated to be ca. 1.5 eV from the one-band Schrodinger equations with classic envelope function theory [19]. However, in our case, the PL peak energy is markedly higher than these energies. Moreover, as

described later, decay times of the observed PL are ranging from 10 ps to 2.0 ns, which are much shorter than those in the microsecond-scale characteristic for the indirect bandgap recombination of carriers or defect-related emissions. There are several reports for surface-related emissions in the visible light region, which have been confirmed by PL measurements of samples with different surface treatments [10]. The spectral widths of the PL bands are less than 200 meV. The spectral linewidths of single Si nanocrystals were reported to be 100 meV or more [5, 21], which were also dependent on the fabrication method and surface conditions. In our case, the size of the Si ND was precisely controlled by the diameter of the Fe core formed in

a cavity of the ferritin molecule. The size uniformity of 8% was confirmed from the statistical analysis of SEM images see more [17]. Therefore, an effect of inhomogeneous broadening due to the size distribution on the PL spectral shape is estimated not to be significant. This estimation is supported by a fact that no remarkable spectral diffusion, which is a time-dependent redshift of the PL spectral energy, was observed for both PL bands in the time-resolved PL spectra. Time-dependent redshifts due to thermal hopping of carriers or energy transfer were frequently observed in systems of high-density quantum dots with significant size distributions. Figure 1 Time-integrated PL spectra, transient PL, and typical fitting result. Time-integrated PL spectra Carteolol HCl in the high-density Si ND array with SiC barriers at various temperatures (a). PL time profiles (log-scaled and vertically shifted) of the E 1 emission

band indicated in (a) from the Si ND array for various temperatures (b). Typical fitting result of the PL time profile at 250 K using a triple exponential function, where the PL time profile is deconvoluted with an instrumental response function (c). A bold black line shows a fitting calculation, and each decaying component resolved is shown by a narrow line. Temperature dependences of the spectral shape and energy were not seen. Both PL bands exhibit similar temperature dependences of the intensity. The PL intensity of the E 2 band is much weaker than that with the SiO2 barrier, which was previously reported [22]. Therefore, we consider that this E 2 band originates from oxygen-related surface or interface states of the Si NDs, and we would like to discuss mainly about the E 1 emission. In the low-temperature regime below 150 K, the PL intensity is almost constant. The intensity increases toward 200 K and peaks at a maximum around 250 K.