Acknowledgments The present work was supported by grants from Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo \x96 FAPESP, Brazil (2013/09407-6), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de N\xEDvel Superior (CAPES) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq). A. L. R. O. receives a fellowship from CNPq. Conflict of Interest None declared. Supporting Information Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article: Movie S1. 3D electron tomography reconstruction of the collagen implant obtained in a transmission electron microscope (BioTwin G2 Spirit, FEI Company, The Netherlands). The confocal images series
Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical is followed by the volume rendering showing the parallel organization of the collagen fibrils. Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical Click here to view.(10K, docx) Click here to view.(33M, avi)
While automatic language processes are described as proceeding without awareness and producing benefits
and no costs, controlled language processes are described as slower acting and requiring effort and awareness (Posner and Snyder 1975). In Psycholinguistics, behavioral evidence from priming studies on lexical access suggests that automatic lexical retrieval can be affected by controlled strategic processes depending on experimental parameters such as the stimulus onset asynchrony1 Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical (SOA; De Groot 1984; Altarriba and Basnight-Brown 2007), the proportion of related prime–target pairs (PRP; De Groot 1984; Altarriba and Basnight-Brown 2007) and the linguistic task (De Groot 1983; Balota and Chumbley 1984; Balota and Lorch 1986; for reviews, Neely 1991; McNamara and Holbrook 2003). The present priming study focused on the Ponatinib effect of linguistic tasks on the neural response related
to automatic lexical-semantic Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical processing. In the light of a considerable controversy regarding the exact function of the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) in lexical-semantic processing with respect to language-specific versus domain-general isothipendyl cognitive functions (decision making), we examined the functional role of the LIFG using two semantic linguistic tasks that differed in the presence of a binary decision process. Recently, Wright et al. (2011) investigated the role of the LIFG by studying the neural effects of lexical processing with respect to a binary decision process using a lexical-decision task (LDT) and a passive listening task. They showed that activation of the LIFG was larger for the LDT than the passive listening task. In contrast, passive listening elicited higher activations in a cluster composed of the right superior and middle temporal gyri (STG, MTG). At first glance, the absence of activation in the LIFG for passive listening reported by Wright et al.