Phosphohistone

H3 (PHH3) immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a highly specific marker of mitoses, with practical application in identifying mitoses in poorly fixed or distorted tissue and is of prognostic significance in breast carcinoma. Our aim was to assess methods of PHH3 IHC mitosis counting in a tissue microarray (TMA) of 2mm cores from 36 resected breast carcinomas. Mitoses in H&E and PHH3 stained slides were manually scored by pathologist consensus and expressed as counts/2 mm(2). PHH3 stained cores were also evaluated by automated p38 MAPK activity digital image analysis (DIA). Results were compared using Spearman correlation. A strong and significant correlation was observed between manual PHH3 and manual H&E mitotic counts (correlation = 0.81; p smaller than 0.0001) and between automated PHH3 DIA and manual H&E mitotic counts (correlation = 0.79; p smaller than 0.0001).

More mitoses were identified with PHH3 IHC than with H&E. Manual and DIA PHH3 counts were strongly and significantly correlated (correlation = 0.83; p smaller than 0.0001) and of similar absolute values. PHH3 DIA is a valid alternative to manual counting with potential application in breast cancer reporting and prognostication.”
“We report on the preparation of functional LY294002 mouse polymer surfaces with controlled topography by using the breath figures approach. The resulting surfaces prepared from a mixture of a PS-b-PAA diblock copolymer and a homopolymer (PS) exhibit pores that are mainly composed of diblock copolymer whereas the rest of the surface is formed by homopolymer. The formation of a hexagonal assembly of pores was achieved by controlling several parameters during the casting process including relative humidity, composition of the blend and polymer concentration. A selective modification of the pore inner part by using appropriate polypeptide sequences permitted the use of these surfaces as scaffolds for pattern

and display of active biomolecules, Nepicastat as ordered templates for specific recognition processes and finally for the micropatterning of bacterial cells. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“The outer membrane channel TolC is a key component of multidrug efflux and type I secretion transporters in Escherichia coli. Mutational inactivation of TolC renders cells highly susceptible to antibiotics and leads to defects in secretion of protein toxins. Despite impairment of various transport functions, no growth defects were reported in cells lacking TolC. Unexpectedly, we found that the loss of TolC notably impairs cell division and growth in minimal glucose medium. The TolC-dependent phenotype was further exacerbated by the loss of ygiB and ygiC genes expressed in the same operon as tolC and their homologues yjfM and yjfC located elsewhere on the chromosome.