selleckchem supplements that were defined as “”herbal supplements”" were products mainly derived from plant sources such as echinacea, garlic and ginseng. “”Other supplements”" included products that couldn’t be categorized any other way, such as

fibres, beastings and conjugated linoleic acid. “”Vitamin supplements”" included multivitamins, vitamins A, B, C, D and E, beta-carotenes and antioxidant agents. “”Mineral supplements”" consisted of iron, calcium, magnesium and other mineral products such as zinc, fluorine, potassium and multi-minerals. Statistical methods Odds ratios (ORs) for use of dietary supplements and their 95% CIs AG-881 for athlete subgroups in 2009, compared with athlete subgroups in 2002, were analyzed using logistic

regression model with the aid of SPSS 16.0 software. Age, sex and type of sport were included in the analysis as independent covariates. Results Frequency of supplement use in 2002 and 2009 The questionnaire p53 activator was completed by 446 of 494 (90.3%) athletes in 2002 and 372 of 405 (91.7%) athletes in the follow-up study. Of the 446 athletes, 81% reported supplement use during previous 12 months in 2002 and 73% of the 372 athletes in 2009. Decreased consumption of dietary supplements between study years was seen in all subgroups except for amino acids (3.8% in 2002 and 7.3% in 2009), oils and fatty acids (11% and 19%), homeopathic supplements (0.4% and 1.6%), multivitamins (54% and 57%) and antioxidants (0.7% and 2%). Differences in supplement use Selleck Baf-A1 between study years are illustrated in Figure 1. Dietary supplement use in different sports in 2002 and 2009 are illustrated in Figures 2 and 3. Figure 1 Dietary supplement use between study years. Figure 2 Dietary supplement

use in different sports in 2002. Figure 3 Dietary supplement use in different sports in 2009. Mean number of supplements consumed were 3.4 ± 3.1 in 2002 and 2.6 ± 2.7 in 2009. In 2002, the highest amount of different dietary supplements consumed per athlete was 18. In 2009, the highest amount of different dietary supplements was 14. In 2009, among all athletes the most often declared subgroup used was vitamin supplements (56%) and most of the vitamin supplement users consumed multivitamins (57%). Nutritional supplements were used by 52% of the athletes, proteins (38%) and oils and fatty acids (19%) being the biggest subgroups. All dietary supplement use After adjusting for age-, sex- and sport type, the OR (95% CI) for use of any dietary supplement was significantly less in 2009 sample as compared with 2002 sample (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.43-0.90). Athletes in speed and power events and endurance events reported use of any dietary supplement significantly more often than team sport athletes both in 2002 and 2009 (Table 3). In 2002, all DS use among athletes in skill-based sports was significantly less than among athletes in team sports (OR, 0.46; CI 0.25-0.85).