However, the teleonomic nature of the approach has been criticize

However, the teleonomic nature of the approach has been criticized. This paper proposes a mechanistic model of nitrogen economy, NEMA (Nitrogen Economy Model within plant Architecture), which links nitrogen fluxes to nitrogen concentration and physiological processes.\n\nMethods A functional-structural approach is used: plant aerial parts are described in a botanically realistic way and physiological

processes are expressed at the scale of each aerial organ or root compartment as a function of local conditions (light and resources).\n\nKey Results NEMA was developed for winter SB203580 chemical structure wheat (Triticum aestivum) after flowering. The model simulates the nitrogen (N) content of each photosynthetic organ as regulated by Rubisco turnover, which depends on intercepted light and a mobile N pool shared by all organs. This pool is enriched by N acquisition from the soil and N release from vegetative organs, and is depleted by grain uptake and protein synthesis in vegetative organs; NEMA accounts for the negative feedback from circulating N on N acquisition from the soil, which is supposed to follow the activities of nitrate transport systems. Organ N content and intercepted light determine dry matter production via photosynthesis, which is distributed between organs according to a demand-driven approach.\n\nConclusions NEMA integrates the

main feedbacks known to regulate plant N economy. Other novel features Blebbistatin cost are the simulation of N for all photosynthetic tissues and the use of an explicit description of the plant that allows how the local environment of tissues regulates their N content to be taken into account. We believe this represents an appropriate frame for modelling nitrogen in functional-structural plant models. A companion paper will present model evaluation and analysis.”
“Purpose:To report a single

case of acquired sessile hemangioma of the conjunctiva which resolved after treatment with topical timolol.Methods:Case report and literature review.Results:A 77-year-old African American woman developed an acquired sessile hemangioma of the conjunctiva of the right eye. She was followed for primary open-angle glaucoma, and the lesion was monitored for 12 months without change. Topical timolol-dorzolamide was then added to her glaucoma medication regimen twice daily. On follow-up examination 6 months later, Selleckchem Torin 1 the lesion had completely resolved.Conclusions:In this case report, an acquired sessile hemangioma of the conjunctiva resolved with topical timolol therapy.”
“Background: Clavicle non-unions can occur after both conservative and operative treatment failure. Here, we investigated the outcome of patients with delayed fracture healing or non-unions of the clavicle. Patients underwent revision surgery by plate osteosynthesis of the clavicle with or without bone grafting. Our aim was to determine rates of bone healing and the functional long-term outcome.

CONCLUSION: Ets-1 may contribute to the pathologic progress o

\n\nCONCLUSION: Ets-1 may contribute to the pathologic progress of the diabetic retina induced by VEGF.”
“In 2008, a northwest Texas feedlot underwent an outbreak of Bovine Selleck GSK923295 viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) causing high morbidity and mortality involving 2 lots of calves (lots A and B). Severe mucosal surface lesions were observed grossly in the oral cavity, larynx, and esophagus. Mucosal lesions varied from small (1-3 mm) infrequent mucosal ulcerations to large (5 mm to 1 cm) and coalescing ulcerations. Necrotic debris was present in ulcerations of some mortalities with some having plaque-like debris, but other mortalities presented more proliferative lesions. A calf persistently

infected with BVDV arrived with one lot and the isolated virus was genotyped as BVDV-1b. Identical BVDV-1b strains were isolated from 2 other mortalities. A BVDV-2a genotype was also isolated in this outbreak. This genotype was identical to all BVDV-2a strains isolated in both lots. Serum samples were collected from exposed and unexposed animals and tested for antibodies for multiple viral pathogens. Seropositivity ranged from zero percent for calicivirus to 100% positive to Pseudocowpox

virus. At the end of the feeding period, the morbidity and mortality for the 2 lots involved was 76.2% and 30.8%, respectively, for lot A, and 49.0% and 5.6%, respectively, for lot B. Differential diagnoses included vesicular stomatitis viruses, Bovine papular stomatitis virus, and Foot-and-mouth disease virus. Based on the present case, acute BVDV should be considered when mucosal lesions are observed grossly.”
“Background: DMXAA The interpretation of the fetal heart rate (FHR) signal considering labor progression may improve perinatal morbidity and mortality. However, there have been few studies that evaluate the fetus in each labor stage quantitatively. Aim: To evaluate whether the entropy indices of FHR are different according to labor progression. Study design: A retrospective comparative study of FHR recordings in three groups: 280 recordings

in the second stage of labor before vaginal delivery, 31 recordings in the first stage of labor before emergency cesarean delivery, and 23 recordings in the pre-labor before elective Selleck Alisertib cesarean delivery. Subjects: The stored FHR recordings of external cardiotocography during labor. Outcome measures: Approximate entropy (ApEn) and sample entropy (SampEn) for the final 2000 RR intervals. Results: The median ApEn and SampEn for the 2000 RR intervals showed the lowest values in the second stage of labor, followed by the emergency cesarean group and the elective cesarean group for all time segments (all P smaller than 0.001). Also, in the second stage of labor, the final 5 min of 2000 RR intervals had a significantly lower median ApEn (0.49 vs. 0.44, P = 0.001) and lower median SampEn (034 vs. 0.29, P smaller than 0.001) than the initial 5 min of 2000 RR intervals.

Double-immunostainings using anti-MAP2 and anti-SYP antibodies de

Double-immunostainings using anti-MAP2 and anti-SYP antibodies demonstrated frequent SYP-immunoreactive dots along the MAP2-positive hypertrophic thick neurites and their cell bodies. Periphery-stained KDEL-positive neurons were also found on the side of 7 PH-IOs. We showed that the change of the distribution of presynaptic terminals correlated well to the hypertrophic thick neurites in PH-IO. Our immuohistochemical stainings demonstrated various changes which occurred to

the neurons in PH-IO, and their neurites and presynaptic terminals. We considered that alpha BC was expressed in the neurons in PH-IO, induced by cellular stress. Such a detailed immunohistochemical investigation has not been reported previously.”
“Purpose To determine the vision-related quality of life (VR-QOL) in patients with infectious keratitis using the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25).\n\nMethods Screening Library mw Sixty-five patients with infectious keratitis (IK) were enrolled in the study. The NEI VFQ-25 scores and clinical and demographic data, including age, gender, pathogen, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and duration of the disease, were collected from the subjects. The subscale and composite scores were calculated and analyzed. Correlations

between the VFQ-25 scores and the clinical and demographic features were also explored.\n\nResults The mean age of enrolled subjects was 48.4 years (SD, 16.2), with 44 males (67.7%). The microbial pathogens were viruses (n = 48, 73.8%), fungi (n = 13, 20.0%), and bacteria GSK461364 mouse (n = 4, 6.2%). The mean scores of each VFQ-25 subscale ranged from 31.9 (SD, 28.6) for role difficulties to 92.7 (SD, 13.1) for color vision; the mean composite score was 58.1 (SD, 19.2).

Significant differences in scores were observed only in the subscale of dependency among educational levels and in the mental health subscale and the composite among the three pathogen groups. Multivariate regression MK-2206 nmr analysis revealed that VFQ-25 composite score correlated significantly with the BCVA of the worse-seeing eye, duration of the disease, history of operation (for IK treatment), and gender.\n\nConclusions Infectious keratitis has extensive impacts on patients and VR-QOL. The BCVA of worse-seeing eye, duration, history of operation for IK treatment, and gender contributed independently to VR-QOL. Early treatment should be encouraged to obtain better visual prognosis and VR-QOL for patients with IK.”
“Objectives: To describe the management protocol in cases with massive hemorrhage after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) with a failed angioembolization or when angioembolization is not available. Patients and methods: Between October 2006 and December 2012, the charts of patients who had undergone PCNL and were complicated with massive post procedural bleeding unresponsive to conservative management were reviewed.

6 %, most of the time as small punctate bleedings Perifocal oede

6 %, most of the time as small punctate bleedings. Perifocal oedematous reactions surrounding inserted

telemetric catheters could be observed in 46.9 %. Multiple imaging studies revealed a tendency of complete oedema resolution over time.\n\nInfectious as well as haemorrhagic complication rates are well comparable with the common selleck chemical literature. The long-term implantation of an ICP probe does not seem to increase the risk of wound infections or brain abscess formation. Surprisingly, very high numbers of oedematous reactions after insertion of the intraparenchymal ICP monitor were seen. Reasons therefore could only be speculated upon.”
“High-moment synthetic antiferromagnetic (SAF) nanoparticles were produced using 4 in. diameter stamps

made by self-assembly and nanosphere lithography of latex nanospheres. This leads to a significant increase in particle yield over a pre-existing technique which utilizes a 1 cm(2) stamp patterned using e-beam lithography. Changes in nanopillar dimensions from the self-assembled stamps and variations in the associated processing conditions can lead to the fabrication of particles with different dimensions. We demonstrate that it is possible to Vorinostat cell line produce reasonably uniformly sized SAFs with diameters from 70 nm upward using self-assembled stamps. The particles exhibit low remanence at low externally applied magnetic fields, and that the saturation magnetization more than double that for conventional iron oxide nanoparticles. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3358067]“
“The present study describes a technique for dermal administration of cationic manganese Buparlisib clinical trial porphyrin (Mn-porphyrin), an antioxidant with superoxide

dismutase (SOD) activity, in hairless mouse. In general, the stratum comeum on the surface of the skin represents a barrier to passive diffusion of therapeutic agents by standard dermal administration. The present study investigated whether, dermal administration of Mn-porphyrin solution using iontophoresis, the electrical dermal administration technique, could overcome this barrier. We visually confirmed that Mn-porphyrin had penetrated to the reverse side of the hairless mouse skin after iontophoresis for a short period. With prolonged iontophoresis, the ratio of detectable Mn-porphyrin solution on the reverse side of the hairless mouse skin increased. In the future, this technique could provide an innovative approach for delivery of this antioxidant in intractable disease. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All tights reserved.”
“Two series of C-8 substituted guanine derivatives were synthesized, one bearing 2-amino substitutions and the other bearing 2-acetamide substitutions. Biological activity tests showed that almost all of them possessed some extent of antitumor activities, and were with lower toxicity against normal human liver HL7702 cells than AZD4547 (the positive control).

However, identical UL146, UL144, and UL55 DNA sequences were obse

However, identical UL146, UL144, and UL55 DNA sequences were observed AZD1208 nmr sporadically among unrelated strains. A child rather than

the husband was the virus source for the great majority of pregnant women. No association was observed between UL144 polymorphisms and intrauterine transmission.”
“Odor detection in vertebrates occurs when odorants enter the nose and bind to molecular olfactory receptors on the cilia or microvilli of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). Several vertebrate groups possess multiple, morphologically distinct types of ORNs. In teleost fishes, these different ORN types detect specific classes of biologically relevant odorants, such as amino acids, nucleotides and bile salts. For example, bile salts are reported to be detected exclusively by ciliated ORNs. The olfactory epithelium of elasmobranch fishes (sharks, rays and skates) is comprised of microvillous and crypt ORNs, but lacks ciliated ORNs; thus, it was questioned whether the olfactory system of this group of fishes is capable of detecting bile salts. The present investigation clearly indicates that click here the olfactory system of representative shark and stingray species does detect and respond to bile salts. Additionally, these species detect glycine-conjugated, taurine-conjugated and non-conjugated bile salts, as do teleosts.

These elasmobranchs are less sensitive to the tested bile salts than reported for both agnathans and teleosts, but this may be due to the particular bile salts selected in this study, as elasmobranch-produced bile salts are commercially unavailable. Cross-adaptation experiments indicate further that the responses to bile salts are independent

GW786034 cost of those to amino acids, a major class of odorant molecules for all tested fishes.”
“Background and Aims:\n\nHepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is an important serological marker for diagnosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Commercial kits for detection of HBsAg emphasize confirmation by neutralization assays. In this study, we have standardized an ‘in-house’ neutralization test for HBsAg confirmation.\n\nMethods:\n\nAmong 6684 HBsAg-positive samples, 615 were subjected to an ‘in-house’ HBsAg neutralization test (NT). Of these, 91 (100%) high-reactive samples (optical density [OD] 1.000-3.000) and 286 (93%) of 289 low-reactive samples (OD < 1.000) were neutralized, and 235 (100%) grey-zone reactive samples were ‘in-house’ NT negative. Eighty-four samples of varying reactivities that were tested by the ‘in-house’ NT were compared with a commercial NT (AxSYM, Abbott).\n\nResults:\n\nThe ‘in-house’ NT showed an excellent agreement (kappa = 0.83, P < 0.001) with the commercial confirmatory assay. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 90%, 94%, 96% and 87%, respectively.

Four of these patients (Group 2, 4/13, 31%) appeared to be resist

Four of these patients (Group 2, 4/13, 31%) appeared to be resistant to chemotherapy, others (9/13, 69%) showed response to therapy,

though the response time was variable. Leukemic cells with compact nucleolus morphologically resembled prolymphocytes, but hematologically and immunophenotypically did not fulfill the diagnostic criteria for prolymphocyte population. None of our B-CLL patients had the signs of transformation to prolymphocytic or other type of B cell neoplasms during the follow up. Our results indicate the possibility of relationship between the presence of malignant lymphocytes with compact nucleoli and unfavorable outcome in patients with B-CLL. The simplicity and utility BI 2536 mw of the nucleolar test as a possible prognostic parameter may help to identify the subset of patients with early B-CLL disease that will run a more progressive course.”
“A

robust synthesis of (5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)(15S)-15-hydroxyeicosa-5,8,11,13-tetraenoic acid (15(S)-HETE) sodium salt was established, utilising a biooxidalion process. Treatment of arachidonic acid with soybean lipoxidase in 0.1 M sodium tetraborate buffer under oxygen pressure resulted in formation of the hydroperoxide, 15(S)HPETE. Addition of sodium borohydride DAPT cost to the reaction mixture reduced the hydroperoxide to 15(S)-HETE, which was then purified by column chromatography. 15(S)-HETE sodium salt was prepared by treatment of an ethanol solution of HETE with aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate. Multiple 10-g batches of 15(S)-HETE sodium salt with >98% enantiomeric excess and >98% chemical purity were prepared to support clinical trials.”
“Temporal evolution of polymerization-induced spinodal decomposition (PISD) under electric fields was investigated numerically in ethylene glycol/phenolic resin solutions with different initial composition. A model composed of the nonlinear Cahn-Hilliard-Cook equation for spinodal decomposition and a rate equation for curing reaction was utilized to describe the PISD phenomenon. As initial composition varied, deformed droplet-like JQ1 in vivo and aligned bi-continuous structures

were observed in the presence of an electric field. Moreover, the anisotropic parameter (D), determined from the 2D-FFT power spectrum, was employed to quantitatively characterize the degree of morphology anisotropy. The value of D increased quickly in the early stage and then decreased in the intermediate stage of spinodal decomposition, which was attributed to the resistance of coarsening process to morphology deformation and the decline of electric stress caused by polymerization reaction. The results can also provide a guidance on how to control the morphology of monolithic porous polymer and carbon materials with anisotropic structures. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.”
“Lavoisiera bergii Cogn., Macairea radula (Bonpl.) DC, and Trembleya parviflora (D. Don) Cogn. are shrubby species of the family Melastomataceae.

These results suggested that in barodenervated rats: 1) tachycard

These results suggested that in barodenervated rats: 1) tachycardia elicited by the chemical stimulation of the PVN was mediated via both inhibition of vagal and activation of sympathetic outflows to the heart, 2) the vagal inhibition contributing to the PVN-induced tachycardia was mediated by the iGLURs and GABARs in the mNTS, 3) sympathetic activation

contributing to the PVN-induced tachycardia was mediated via spinal iGLURs, and 4) spinal vasopressin and oxytocin receptors were not involved in the mediation of PVN-induced tachycardia. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Background: In Drosophila embryos, many biochemically and functionally unrelated transcription factors bind quantitatively to highly overlapping sets of genomic regions, with much of the lowest levels of binding being incidental, Ispinesib inhibitor non-functional interactions on DNA. The primary biochemical mechanisms that drive these genome-wide occupancy patterns have

yet to be established.\n\nResults: Here we use data resulting from the DNaseI digestion of isolated embryo nuclei to provide a biophysical measure of the degree to which proteins can access different regions Wnt inhibitor of the genome. We show that the in vivo binding patterns of 21 developmental regulators are quantitatively correlated with DNA accessibility in chromatin. Furthermore, we find that levels of factor occupancy in vivo correlate much more with the degree of chromatin accessibility than with occupancy predicted ML323 clinical trial from in vitro affinity measurements using purified protein and naked DNA. Within accessible regions, however, the intrinsic affinity of the factor for DNA does play a role in determining net occupancy, with even weak affinity recognition sites contributing. Finally, we show that programmed changes in chromatin accessibility between different developmental stages correlate with quantitative alterations in factor binding.\n\nConclusions: Based on these and other results, we propose a general mechanism to explain the widespread, overlapping

DNA binding by animal transcription factors. In this view, transcription factors are expressed at sufficiently high concentrations in cells such that they can occupy their recognition sequences in highly accessible chromatin without the aid of physical cooperative interactions with other proteins, leading to highly overlapping, graded binding of unrelated factors.”
“Environmental dependency (ED) behaviours, such as imitation behaviour (IB) and incidental utilization behaviour (UB), are considered pathognomonic of a frontal lesion and can play a unique role in diagnosing behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). However, with only few focused observations of ED behaviour reported in earlier studies, their roles in the diagnosis of bvFTD have so far remained supportive.

We generated Cx39 deficient mice by replacing the coding region o

We generated Cx39 deficient mice by replacing the coding region of the Gjd4 gene by DNA coding for the enhanced green fluorescent protein eGFP. Adult Cx39 deficient mice exhibit no obvious phenotypic alterations of skeletal muscle compared to wild type mice in the resting state. However, myogenesis in Cx39 deficient embryos is accelerated as indicated by increased myogenin expression

on ED13.5 and ED16.5 and increased expression of Cx43 in developing skeletal muscle. In addition, the regeneration process of skeletal muscle in Cx39 deficient mice is accelerated as shown by a 2 day earlier onset of MyoD and myogenin expression, relative to wild type littermates. Interestingly, Cx43 expression was also upregulated in Cx39 deficient mice during regeneration of skeletal muscle. We hypothesize that Cx43 may compensate for find more the loss of Cx39 during myogenesis and regeneration. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“A wide variety of bacteria are recognized by the complement system through the early components that trigger the three pathways of complernent activation, leading to the release of biologically active products involved in opsonization, Selleckchem RG-7112 recruitment of phagocytes and bacterial killing. Deficiencies of complement

components and regulators provide a model to understand the in vivo role of complement as a defense system against bacterial infections. An increased susceptibility to these types of infections is frequently seen in individuals with C2, C3, late component, properdin and factor I deficiencies. The identification of these deficiencies is essential for the adoption of preventive measures aimed to reduce the risk of bacterial infections. Vaccination represents the treatment of choice to protect these subjects, although further studies on a large number of C-deficient individuals are needed to prove the protective effect of vaccines. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All

rights reserved.”
“Asymmetrical cranial vaults resulting from external forces on an infant’s head can be caused by abnormal sutural development (synostotic AZD0530 molecular weight plagiocephaly) or abnormal external forces acting on an intrinsically normal, developing cranium (deformational plagiocephaly).\n\nThe incidence of posterior plagiocephaly has increased dramatically since the initiation of the “Back to Sleep” campaign against sudden infant death syndrome. The majority of cases are due to deformational plagiocephaly, but rigorous diagnostic evaluation including physical examination and radiological imaging must be undertaken to rule out lambdoid synostosis in extreme or refractory cases.\n\nUnique clinical features and radiological examination using computed tomography technology are helpful in confirming the correct cause of posterior plagiocephaly.

An Er: glass laser is used with a 1-Hz repetition rate, 30-J/cm(2

An Er: glass laser is used with a 1-Hz repetition rate, 30-J/cm(2) fluence, and a hand piece with a 2-mm spot size. Nonthermal nonablative treatment is performed using two LED (LEDA SCR red light: 635 nm, 40 to see more 120 W/cm(2), 40 to 120 J/cm(2); LEDA SCR yellow light: 585 nm, 16 to 35 W/cm(2), 20 to 100 J/cm(2); spot size 16 x 10 cm). Immediate responses as well as responses 1, 3, or 7 days postprocedure are studied; untreated skin explants serve as control. Immunohistochemical investigation (HSP70) is performed in all native, nontreated, and Er: glass laser- or LED-treated samples (n=175). Nonablative laser therapy leads to a clear time-dependent induction of epidermally

expressed HSP70, peaking between one to three LY2835219 in vitro days post-treatment. In contrast, none of the various LED treatments up-regulated the HSP70 expression in our skin explant model. HSP70 is up-regulated by nonablative but thermal laser devices, but does not seem to play a significant role in the induction of skin remodeling induced by photomodulation. The maximum of HSP70 expression is reached later after Er: glass laser intervention compared to ablative fractional (AFP) treatment. (C) 2010 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI:10.1117/1.3449736]“
“Fulminant hepatic failure is a rare complication of infection by varicella zoster virus that is favored by immunosuppression.

Within 1 week, a 43-year-old male heart transplant recipient who was admitted with epigastric pain successively developed a generalized vesicular rash, hepatitis, and secondary multiorganic failure involving encephalopathy, despite treatment with acyclovir (since Day 2) and varicella zoster virus immunoglobulin (since Day 6). Emergency liver transplantation was performed on Day 9, and 36 months later, his heart and liver function are normal. J Heart Lung Transplant 2009;28:1215-6. Copyright (C) 2009 by the International AL3818 order Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation.”
“Association between maternal Group B Streptococcus (GBS) colonization diagnosed between 35 and 37 weeks of

gestation and early term birth (between 37 and 39 weeks) and maternal-fetal inflammatory response associated with this condition were tested. In this cohort study of women delivering at term at Centennial Women’s Hospital in Nashville, TN, GBS status and other clinical and demographic data were obtained from medical records. Exposed women were those testing positive for GBS (GBS positive [n = 490]) and the unexposed tested negative for GBS (GBS negative [n = 1,127]). To determine the inflammatory response associated with GBS, a cross sectional study, maternal and fetal plasma biomarkers (IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha) were measured in the same cohort. T-tests and logistic regression determined association between GBS status, biomarker concentrations and early term birth.

There were significant functional deficits on the injured sid

\n\nThere were significant functional deficits on the injured side compared with the contralateral side 2 years after Achilles tendon rupture, regardless of treatment. Only minor improvements, even though statistically significant, occurred between the 1- and 2-year evaluations. The physical activity level remained significantly reduced as compared with prior to injury, learn more but the ATRS mean was relatively high in both groups (89 and 90).\n\nThis long-term follow-up indicates that the majority of patients with an Achilles tendon rupture have not fully recovered (in regards to symptoms, physical activity level and function)

2 years after injury regardless of surgical or non-surgical treatment. Furthermore, only minor improvements occur between the 1- and 2-year evaluations. This indicates that to enhance the final outcome the focus should be on improvements in treatment within the first year. The patients appear to have adjusted to their impairments since the patient-reported outcome is relatively high in spite of functional deficits and lower activity level compared with pre-injury.\n\nProspective randomized study, Level I.”
“OBJECTIVE: Because the early risk of stroke recurrence in patients with posterior circulation

infarctions is high, patients with vertebrobasilar events require AG-881 molecular weight active preventive treatment. Previous reports have described the use of balloon angioplasty and stenting or surgical revascularization to the vertebrobasilar artery area. To compensate for the disadvantages of these techniques, we combined endovascular and surgical treatments in a patient with symptomatic vertebrobasilar artery stenosis.\n\nMETHODS: After endovascular surgery, we continued medical therapy to stabilize the blood flow in the posterior circulation. Superficial

temporal artery-superior cerebellar artery bypass was planned for the chronic stage (similar to 1-2 months).\n\nRESULTS: Three cases (2 vertebral artery stenosis, 1 basilar artery stenosis) selleck chemicals llc presented with recurrent transient ischemic attacks or deteriorating symptoms under intensive medical treatment. We conducted staged therapy using balloon angioplasty followed by superficial temporal artery-superior cerebellar artery bypass. All patients were symptom-free after treatment with the combined therapy.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Our staged therapy may be an effective treatment for symptomatic vertebrobasilar artery stenosis.”
“Objective: To investigate the use of non-linear-blending and monochromatic dual-energy CT (DECT) images to improve the image quality of hepatic venography. Methods: 82 patients undergoing abdominal DECT in the portal venous phase were enrolled. For each patient, 31 data sets of monochromatic images and 7 data sets of non-linear-blending images were generated.